CIP initiatives cover the full spectrum of research efforts from basic research to clinical trials. These programs serve a variety of needs in the cancer imaging community. While many of the basic research efforts are investigator initiated, several key program announcements use the R01 and R21 grant mechanisms to foster needed research. The In VivoCellular and Molecular Imaging Centers (ICMIC), Small Animal Imaging Resource Program (SAIR), Network for Translational Research in Optical Imaging (NTROI), and American College of Radiology Imaging Network (ACRIN) each use specialized grant mechanisms suited for their positions in the research pipeline.

CIP also works in close collaboration with intramural NCI scientists in the development of new imaging probes. A number of these probes are positron emission tomography (PET) agents for molecular imaging directed at important targets such as angiogenesis and proliferation. This collaboration is bidirectional, forming a novel development pipeline with the NCI Center for Cancer Research (CCR) that is providing the infrastructure for early clinical trials of imaging probes and DCTD providing the expertise in drug development.